The Great Hall

The first and finest of all 13th century halls, with the greatest symbol of medieval mythology, King Arthur's Round Table.

Winchester Castle dates from the reign of William the Conqueror (1066-1087). By the end of King John's reign in 1216 the castle and its royal palace needed extensive repair. Between 1222 and 1235 the Castle's hall was replaced by the building which stands today.

Other alterations and improvements brought the castle to its peak of military and domestic development during the reigns of Henry III (1216-1272) and Edward I (1272-1307). Edward and his second wife Margaret of France, almost lost their lives in a fire which destroyed the royal apartments in 1302.

The roof was rebuilt at the end of the 14th century changing the halls external appearance. During the English Civil War the Castle was held by the Royalists until its capture by the Parliamentary Forces in 1646. Oliver Cromwell ordered the demolition of the Castle, but the Great Hall was kept as a venue for assemblies and the County Assizes.

The Hall was restored in the 1870s, and was used last as a court between 1938 and 1974.

Architecture and Function

12th century castle halls were massive and gloomy, with few furnishings. In the 13th century halls became lighter and more comfortably furnished. The Great hall of Winchester was the first and finest of these halls.

With its Purbeck stone columns and pointed arches, it had all the best features of Early English Gothic architecture. Plastered and decorated walls emphasised its lightness, elegance and grace. The finest and most brilliant colours were used.

The Hall reflected the preferences and tastes of Henry III. He was born at Winchester Castle in 1207 and loved to return here. During his reign (1216-72) art, architecture and design became more refined and sophisticated. This trend was reflected in the Great hall.

The Hall was the heart of the Castle. When in residence the King dined here, discussed affairs of State with his barons and clergy and sat in court to administer justice.